Tren Pengelolaan Limbah Infeksius dalam Pencegahan Infeksi Nosokomial di Fasilitas Kesehatan: Bibliometrik dan Tinjauan Sistematis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54619/0hptzd58Keywords:
Infeksi nosokomial, pengelolaan limbah, bibliometrik, pencegahan infeksi, fasilitas kesehatanAbstract
Latar belakang: Infeksi nosokomial merupakan ancaman global yang diperburuk pengelolaan limbah infeksius tidak memadai, terutama di negara berkembang dengan risiko 25% lebih tinggi.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan Systematic Literature Review dengan analisis bibliometrik. Data dikumpulkan melalui Publish or Perish dari Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, dan Science Direct (2017-2025) dengan kata kunci terkait pengelolaan limbah dan infeksi nosokomial. Dari 85 artikel awal, 23 jurnal final dianalisis menggunakan VOSviewer untuk visualisasi jaringan, overlay, dan densitas.
Hasil: Tren publikasi meningkat signifikan pada 2024 (26,1%), didorong respons pasca-pandemi COVID-19. Analisis co-occurrence mengidentifikasi empat klaster dominan: manajemen limbah biomedis dan pelatihan SDM, respons pandemi, keberlanjutan lingkungan, serta strategi pengendalian infeksi komprehensif. Temuan menunjukkan efektivitas pengelolaan limbah ditentukan infrastruktur, kapasitas SDM, dan regulasi, dengan kesenjangan implementasi teknologi di negara berkembang.
Kesimpulan: Pengelolaan limbah infeksius untuk pencegahan nosokomial memerlukan pendekatan sistemik yang mengintegrasikan kebijakan berbasis bukti, investasi infrastruktur, penguatan kapasitas SDM, dan adopsi teknologi kontekstual. Kolaborasi multidisiplin dan evaluasi regulasi lokal menjadi kunci keberlanjutan sistem kesehatan
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